The “Seventy Percent Solution”

COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EFFECTS OF 5 PERCENT HYPERTONIC SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION AND 0.9 PERCENT SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION ON LEFT VENTRICUL AR CONTRACTION

Hypertonic saline solution can absorb part of the intracellular fluid volume into the extracellular space. The effects of this solution on the cardiovascular system are increased coronary flow and increased left ventricular contraction, without sympathetic system activation. This study was designed to assess the effects of hypertonic saline solution in open heart surgery and to compare it w...

The Sixteen-percent Solution: Critical Volume Fraction for Percolation

The standardized ileal digestible valine-to-lysine requirement ratio is at least seventy percent in postweaned piglets.

To reduce the impact of animal production on the environment, the CP content of the diet can be reduced by limiting the excess supply of AA. Improving the balance between AA relative to the requirement of the animal implies that we need to have accurate knowledge of the requirement of individual AA. The purpose of this study was to determine the Val requirement in postweaned piglets (12 to 25 k...

Bringing the Tiger Back from the Brink—The Six Percent Solution

1 Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, United States of America, 2 IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 3 Global Environment Facility, Washington, D.C., United States of America, 4 Wildlife Conservation Society, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, 5 Panthera, New York, New York, United States of America, 6 Wildlife Conservation Society, Vientiane, Lao People’...

The Long-term Relationship Between Firms and Underwriters: The Seven Percent Solution Revisited

Recent evidence documents a clustering of gross underwriting spreads on initial public offerings (IPOs) at seven percent. This trend is puzzling for several reasons. First, if association with a high reputation underwriter is valuable, why don’t all firms select high reputation underwriters? Second, what incentives do underwriters have to engage in costly reputation enhancement relative to thei...